Correct understanding of plastics, it is easy to distinguish between toxic and non-toxic

Plastic products have long been involved in all aspects of our lives, and the media often expose the safety issues of plastic products. In addition to the problems of plastic products themselves, it is obviously important to correctly understand the properties of plastics. This article will make a small popularization of plastic-related knowledge. 1. PET, polyethylene terephthalate Main applications: Most commonly used for beverage bottles, screen protectors and other transparent protective films. PET can also be spun, which is what we often call polyester, so there is a saying that beverage bottles are recycled to make clothes during the Olympics. Many sportswear that pursues breathability and lightness are made of polyester, a popular fabric a long time ago“really good”This is also the case, but due to the backwardness of spinning methods at that time, it is true that good clothes are not as comfortable as they are now. In addition, PET also has many engineering applications. Note on use: Non-toxic, but the synthesis process may retain monomers, low molecular oligomers and side reaction products such as diethylene glycol, which are toxic to a certain extent. The country has strict standards for PET raw materials used for beverage bottles. Among plastics, PET has a higher melting point. But the general bottle is not recommended to be reused, especially for boiling water. Because PET bottles are generally thin, they are made by blow molding. When the bottle body is heated to about 90 °C, due to the rearrangement of the PET molecular chain and the effect of internal stress, the bottle body twists and shrinks, which is easy to cause burns. In addition, higher temperatures increase the risk of leaching out harmful substances in the material. 2. PE, polyethylene (high density polyethylene: HDPE; low density polyethylene: LDPE) Main applications: At present, PE is the most widely used plastic. With different modification methods, PE can be used in all aspects of daily life. The more representative ones include plastic buckets, films, inner walls of paper cups, water pipes and cable sheaths. Note on use: PE itself is non-toxic. However, some processing or modification aids are used in production, such as fillers, stabilizing aids or pigments. Some adjuvants are toxic. PE products will be softened or even melted at higher temperatures, so try to avoid using them at temperatures higher than 100°C of boiling water. 3. The main applications of PVC and polyvinyl chloride: PVC is now mostly used to manufacture some cheap artificial leather, foot pads, sewer pipes, etc.; because of its good electrical properties and certain flame retardant properties, it is widely used in the manufacture of wire and cable sheaths . In addition, PVC is widely used in industrial fields, especially in places with high requirements for acid and alkali corrosion resistance. Note on use: A large number of plasticizers (plasticizers, such as DOP) and heat stabilizers containing heavy metals are used in the production of PVC, and it is difficult to eliminate the existence of free monomers during the synthesis process, which are considered toxic. Therefore, PVC is gradually being replaced by PP and PE in contact with the human body, especially in medical and food applications. PVC is a plastic that is not resistant to high temperature and cannot be used in high temperature places. 4. PP, polypropylene Main applications: PP is also widely used in daily necessities such as packaging, toys, washbasins, buckets, hangers, drinking glasses, bottles, etc.; engineering applications such as car bumpers, etc. PP spun into silk is called polypropylene and is common in textiles, non-woven fabrics, ropes, fishing nets and other products. Note on use: PP and PE are similar in processing methods and application ranges, and are also non-toxic themselves. A possible threat comes from auxiliaries in processing and modification. Especially due to the poor weather resistance of PP, anti-aging agents containing heavy metals may be used in production. Compared with PE products, the heat resistance of PP products is slightly better. A typical LOCK&LOCK water bottle can be used at a temperature of 110 °C, but the higher the temperature, there is a danger of softening and melting, and should be avoided as much as possible. 5. PS, polystyrene Main applications: cheap transparent products, foam plastics, CD boxes, water cups, fast food boxes, thermal insulation linings, etc. Note on use: The raw materials used for synthesizing polystyrene are toxic. Through suitable synthesis processes, the residual monomers of polystyrene are very small, but these materials are rarely used in drinking glasses. Polystyrene is flammable, especially PS after foaming. Burning will produce a lot of toxic gases. In some high-rise house fire accidents, because the widely used PS foam board is used as the insulation layer material, a large amount of smoke and toxic gas generated after the fire has become the main cause of mass casualties.​​
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